Civil law cares for realtionships among citizens and their country, and public law cares for relationship of the one state with other, or citizens and the state.
The party (state) brings a criminal action in order to prove person's guilt beyond reasonable doubt. The loser of the action can be punished by life imprisonment, but sometimes just with financial penalty. In civil case civil action brings an individual person seeking for compensation. If the defendant is liable he has to pay damages.
If the loser of the civil action didn't comply with the sentence, his disobeying may bring a criminal action.
